The purpose of this study was to identify and prioritize key indicators for applying artificial intelligence in university educational programs that enhance students’ social and political participation. This research employed a mixed-methods design. In the qualitative phase, a systematic literature review and thematic analysis were conducted to extract major themes using NVivo version 14. In the quantitative phase, a researcher-developed questionnaire derived from the qualitative results was distributed among 180 students of Vali-Asr University, Rafsanjan, selected through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the Friedman test in SPSS version 26. The Friedman test results indicated that among the dimensions of AI application, the highest mean rank belonged to “AI in Educational Learning,” followed by “Enhancing Social Participation” and “Enhancing Political Participation.” The dimensions of “Ethical and Governance Aspects of AI,” “Design of Smart Educational Programs,” “Role of Teachers and Mentors,” and “Infrastructure and Policy in Higher Education” ranked subsequently. The findings revealed that students perceive AI as most effective when used for personalized learning, social skill development, and promoting informed political engagement. The study emphasizes the importance of ethical frameworks, faculty empowerment, and robust technological infrastructure for successful AI-based educational transformation.