This study examines and designs a theoretical model for sexual education within the educational system of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The primary goal is to create a coherent framework for sexual education that, while maintaining Islamic principles, responds to the social and cultural needs of the society. The research methodology is based on the prevailing paradigms in the field of educational studies. In the first phase, a content analysis of key policy documents, including the "Fundamental Transformation Document of Education," the "National Document," and the "20-Year Vision Document," was conducted. To assess the current status of the sexual education curriculum, synthesis research and content analysis of documents were utilized. Data were collected from national databases, and the reliability of coding was examined using Cohen’s Kappa coefficient formula. The document analysis results indicate the necessity for designing a comprehensive model for sexual education, which includes components such as familiarity with puberty, reinforcement of sexual identity, and life skills education. Additionally, the findings revealed that many of the current educational programs do not adequately meet students' real needs. The proposed model can serve as an effective framework for improving sexual education in Iran's educational system. The implementation of this model requires collaboration between educational institutions, families, and the community to achieve educational objectives.