Presenting a Structural Model for Developing a Development Paradigm for Islamic Azad Universities from the Perspective of Faculty Members

Abstract

This study aimed to develop a comprehensive structural model for formulating a development paradigm for Islamic Azad Universities based on faculty members’ perspectives. This applied study employed a descriptive-survey design. The statistical population consisted of 1,422 faculty members from Islamic Azad University branches (North Tehran, South Tehran, Science and Research, and Semnan), from which 303 participants were selected using Cochran’s formula and stratified random sampling. Data were collected using a researcher-developed questionnaire with 94 items across 11 dimensions. Face and content validity were confirmed, and reliability was established with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.94. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) via SPSS and PLS software. The results identified eleven dimensions in the development model, with “alignment criteria” exerting the strongest effect (path coefficient = 0.682). This was followed by “technology challenges” (0.637), “development evaluation” (0.633), “technology position” (0.620), and “scientific and technological” dimensions (0.599). R² values indicated adequate explanatory power across constructs, and Q² values demonstrated moderate to strong predictive relevance. Overall model fit indices confirmed the adequacy of the proposed model. The findings indicate that university development is a multidimensional and systemic phenomenon, with alignment to successful domestic experiences and international standards as the most critical factor. Emphasizing technological infrastructure, continuous evaluation systems, educational quality, and industry linkage is essential for achieving sustainable university development.