Identification and Validation of Factors Affecting a Citizenship Legal Literacy–Based Curriculum in Primary Education
Keywords:
Citizenship rights, primary curriculum, legal literacyAbstract
This study aimed to design and validate a localized curriculum model based on citizenship legal literacy for primary education. This applied mixed-methods study employed qualitative meta-synthesis to analyze 24 national and international studies, followed by quantitative validation using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS based on expert judgments from 11 specialists in education. Structural model analysis indicated that seven dimensions—educational content, citizenship legal education, values and beliefs, practical empowerment, social interaction development, media and digital literacy, and learning opportunities—had significant positive effects on citizenship legal literacy (p<0.001), with strong model fit indices (SRMR=0.04, R²=0.995). The validated model provides a robust, context-sensitive framework for curriculum reform and effective implementation of citizenship legal literacy education in Iranian primary schools.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Kobra Gholizadeh Chennab (Author); Shahram Ranjdoust (Corresponding author)
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