شناسایی و اعتبارسنجی ابعاد آمایش سرزمین در توسعه نظام آموزش فنی و حرفه‌ای: مطالعه موردی منطقه آزاد چابهار

صادق  بلوچ; بیژن عبدالهی; حسن رضا  زین آبادی; حمیدرضا آراسته

Authors

Sadegh Balouch PhD Student in Educational Management, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Management, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Author https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8747-0262
Bijan Abdollahi Professor, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran Corresponding author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8018-2411
Hassanreza Zeinabadi Professor, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7345-5012
Hamidreza Arasteh Professor, Department of Educational Management, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran. Author https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-9271

Keywords:

Spatial Planning, Technical and Vocational Education and Training, Chabahar Free Zone, Factor Analysis, Structural Equation Modeling, Regional Development

Abstract

This study aimed to identify and validate the spatial planning dimensions and components influencing the development of the technical and vocational education and training system in the Chabahar Free Zone. This developmental-applied study employed an exploratory sequential mixed-methods design. In the qualitative phase, a systematic review was conducted, followed by semi-structured interviews with 30 experts in spatial planning, technical and vocational education, regional development, and related fields. The qualitative findings were used to develop a 42-item researcher-made questionnaire. In the quantitative phase, 384 stakeholders of the TVET system in the Chabahar Free Zone were selected through multistage stratified-cluster sampling. Data were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and partial least squares structural equation modeling. The qualitative analysis identified 28 components categorized into seven dimensions: environmental, infrastructural, organizational, educational, human, professional, and sociocultural. Exploratory factor analysis showed adequate sampling adequacy (KMO=0.86), a significant Bartlett’s test, and explained 68.5% of the total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the seven-dimensional structure, with factor loadings ranging from 0.756 to 0.856 and satisfactory model-fit indices. PLS-SEM indicated that all seven dimensions had positive and significant effects on TVET development. The organizational dimension had the strongest direct effect (β=0.441, p<0.001), followed by the professional (β=0.387), environmental (β=0.362), educational (β=0.315), human (β=0.293), infrastructural (β=0.278), and sociocultural (β=0.254) dimensions. The development of TVET in the Chabahar Free Zone requires an integrated spatial-planning approach in which organizational governance, labor-market linkages, environmental and infrastructural capacities, educational adaptability, human capital, and sociocultural conditions are addressed simultaneously.

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