Comparative Study of Educational Objectives from the Perspective of Makhtumkuli Faraghi, Molla Ahmad Naraqi, and Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi

Abstract

Education is a complex endeavor and one of the fundamental pillars of human culture, evident and undeniable within educational systems. The present study aims to investigate the educational views of Makhtumkuli Faraghi, Molla Ahmad Naraqi, and Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi with a focus on their objectives. The research method is descriptive-analytical and belongs to the category of comparative studies. Data collection was conducted using library research, and data recording forms were utilized as tools for gathering information. Information was collected through reference to credible sources. The population includes all books, theses, journals, and studies related to the research topic. Sampling was performed purposively. Qualitative analysis, classification, and comparison methods were employed for data analysis. Subsequently, the similarities and differences in the perspectives of these three prominent thinkers regarding educational objectives were analyzed and evaluated. After data collection, it was found that there are similarities and differences in the educational perspectives of Molla Ahmad Naraqi, Khwaja Nasir al-Din Tusi, and Makhtumkuli Faraghi regarding objectives. All three regard achieving individual and societal prosperity, perfection, and proximity to God as the primary and most significant goal of education. Khwaja emphasizes the balance between the three human faculties (desire, anger, and intellect) as the cornerstone of his educational views. All three emphasize attaining truth as a central aim in selecting educational objectives.